Although safroles are known to display antibacterial and antiviral activity, their use in foods has been banned because they are carcinogenic and hepatoxic (toxic to the liver). As such, safrole derivatives are not considered nutritional phytochemicals, but some of them are being exalted for their aromatherapeutic properties.

Research at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center found a 63 percent decrease in patient anxiety during magnetic resonance imaging scans when the air was scented with the vanilla-like aroma of heliotropin. Purified heliotropin crystals have been sold in stores alongside aromatic oils, but the distribution of this compound is becoming increasingly controlled because it is frequently being used to manufacture designer drugs, such as Ecstasy and methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA).